Xilinx ISE, ModelSim, Cadence Allegro, Mentor Graphics kunye nokuninzi...

I-Analog, iDijithali, uYilo oluDityanisiweyo loMqondiso kunye noPhuhliso kunye nobunjineli

I-ANALOG

I-analog electronics zezo zisistim ze-elektroniki ezinesignali eguquguqukayo eqhubekayo. Ngokwahlukileyo, kwidijithali imiqondiso yombane idla ngokuthatha amanqanaba amabini ahlukeneyo. Igama elithi "analog" lichaza ubudlelwane obulinganayo phakathi komqondiso kunye nevoltage okanye yangoku emele umqondiso. Isignali ye-analog isebenzisa uphawu oluthile lwesiphakathi ukuhambisa ulwazi lomqondiso. Umzekelo, i-barometer isebenzisa indawo ye-angular yenaliti njengomqondiso wokudlulisa ulwazi lotshintsho kuxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric. Iimpawu zombane zinokubonisa ulwazi ngokutshintsha amandla ombane, akhoyo, amaza, okanye intlawulo epheleleyo. Ulwazi luguqulwa lusuke kolunye uhlobo lomzimba ( olufana nesandi, ukukhanya, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, indawo) lusiwe kumqondiso wombane yi-transducer eguqula uhlobo oluthile lwamandla lube kolunye. I-microphone ngumzekelo we-transducer. Iinkqubo ze-analog ngokungaguquguqukiyo ziquka ingxolo; oko kukuthi, ukuphazamiseka okungahleliwe okanye ukwahluka. Ekubeni zonke iinguqu zesignali ye-analog zibalulekile, nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka kufana notshintsho kwisignali yokuqala kwaye kubonakala njengengxolo. Njengoko isignali ikopishwa kwaye iphinda ikopishwe, okanye idluliselwe kumgama omde, ezi zintlukwano ezingahleliwe ziba zibaluleke ngakumbi kwaye zikhokelela ekuthotyweni komqondiso. Eminye imithombo yengxolo inokuvela kwimiqondiso yombane yangaphandle, okanye izinto eziyilwe kakubi. Ezi ziphazamiso zincitshiswa ngokukhusela, kunye nokusebenzisa i-low-noise amplifiers (LNA). Ngaphandle koncedo lwaso kuyilo nakuqoqosho, xa isixhobo sombane esidijithali kufuneka sidibane nehlabathi lokwenyani, sifuna isixhobo sombane se-analog.

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Uyilo lwe-elektroniki ye-Analog kunye nophuhliso kunye nobunjineli ibe yeyona ndawo iphambili yokudlala kuthi ixesha elide.  Eminye imizekelo yenkqubo ye-analog esisebenze kuyo yile:

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• I-interface circuitry, i-amplifiers enamanqanaba amaninzi kunye nokuhluza umgangatho wesignali

• Ukukhetha inzwa kunye nokudibanisa

• Lawula i-electronics kwiinkqubo ze-electromechanical

• Amandla okubonelela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo

• Ii-oscillators, iiwotshi kunye neesekethe zexesha

• Uguqulo lwesignali yesekethe, njengefrikhwensi yombane

• Ulawulo lwe-Electromagnetic Interference

IDIJALI

I-elektroniki yedijithali ziinkqubo ezimele imiqondiso njengamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kunokuba njengoluhlu oluqhubekayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi inani lamazwe amabini, kwaye la mazwe amelwe ngamanqanaba ombane amabini: enye ikufuphi ne-volt zero kwaye enye ikwinqanaba eliphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kumbane wobonelelo osetyenziswayo. La manqanaba mabini ahlala emelwe njenge "Low" kunye "Phezulu." Inzuzo engundoqo yeendlela zedijithali zivela kwinto yokuba kulula ukufumana isixhobo sombane ukutshintshela kwelinye lamazwe amaninzi awaziwayo kunokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo uluhlu oluqhubekayo lwamaxabiso. I-elektroniki yedijithali iqhele ukwenziwa kwiindibano ezinkulu zamasango e-logic, imiboniso elula ye-elektroniki yemisebenzi ye-Boolean logic. Enye inzuzo yeesekethe zedijithali xa kuthelekiswa neesekethe ze-analog kukuba imiqondiso emelwe ngokwedijithali inokuhanjiswa ngaphandle kokuthotywa ngenxa yengxolo. Kwinkqubo yedijithali, ukumelwa okuchaneke ngakumbi komqondiso kunokufunyanwa ngokusebenzisa amadijithi okubini ukumela. Ngelixa oku kufuna iisekethe ezininzi zedijithali ukucubungula imiqondiso, idijithi nganye iphathwa ngohlobo olufanayo lwehardware. Iinkqubo zedijithali ezilawulwa yikhompyutha zinokulawulwa yi-software, ukuvumela imisebenzi emitsha ukuba yongezwe ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-hardware. Rhoqo oku kunokwenziwa ngaphandle komzi-mveliso ngokuhlaziya isoftware yemveliso. Ngoko ke, iimpazamo zoyilo lwemveliso zinokulungiswa emva kokuba imveliso isezandleni zomthengi. Ukugcinwa kolwazi kunokuba lula kwiinkqubo zedijithali kunezo ze-analog. Ingxolo-immunity yeenkqubo zedijithali ivumela idatha ukuba igcinwe kwaye ibuyiselwe ngaphandle kokuthotywa. Kwinkqubo ye-analog, ingxolo yokuguga kunye nokunxiba ithoba ulwazi olugciniweyo. Kwinkqubo yedijithali, nje ukuba ingxolo iyonke ingaphantsi kwinqanaba elithile, ulwazi lunokufunyanwa ngokugqibeleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, iisekethe zedijithali zisebenzisa amandla amaninzi kuneesekethe ze-analog ukufezekisa imisebenzi efanayo, ngaloo ndlela zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi. Kwiinkqubo eziphathwayo okanye ezisebenza ngebhetri oku kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zedijithali. Kwakhona iisekethe zedijithali ngamanye amaxesha zibiza kakhulu, ngakumbi ngamanani amancinci. Masiphinde siyigxininise le ngongoma: Ihlabathi elizivayo li-analog, kwaye imiqondiso yeli hlabathi zizixa ze-analog. Umzekelo, ukukhanya, ubushushu, isandi, ukuhanjiswa kombane, amandla ombane kunye nemagnethi yi-analog. Uninzi lweenkqubo zedijithali eziluncedo kufuneka ziguqulele ukusuka kwiimpawu ze-analog eziqhubekayo ukuya kwiimpawu zedijithali. Oku kubangela iimpazamo zobungakanani. 

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Singabonelela abathengi bethu ekuqeshweni okujoliswe kuyo ukusombulula iimfuno zexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide, kunye neenjineli zokubonisana kunye nobuchule obuthile besizinda. Njengeengcali zeDigital Electronics, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho, sinokugubungela iindawo njengokuphunyezwa, ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo, uvavanyo, ukucaciswa kunye namaxwebhu. Ngaphandle kobuchule bobugcisa, uyilo lwehardware lufuna kwakhona ukukwazi ukwenza iiprojekthi zophuhliso ngexesha elifutshane kunye nomgangatho ophezulu apho saziwa kakhulu. Uyilo lwe-elektroniki lwangoku lufuna ulwazi oluhle lwe_cc781905-5cde- 3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_iimfuno zolawulo malunga ne-EMC, RoHS kunye nokhuseleko. I-AGS-Enginering inokufikelela kwiilebhu ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuyila, ukuze siphuhlise iimveliso ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kwimveliso egqityiweyo. Sinikezela ngeengcali kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:

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• I-analog kunye noyilo lwedijithali

• Uyilo lukanomathotholo

• Uyilo lwe-ASIC/FPGA

• Uyilo lwenkqubo

• Abenzi boluvo abakrelekrele

• Ubuchwephesha basemajukujukwini

• Ulawulo lwentshukumo / iirobhothi

• Broadband

• Medical- kunye IVD-imigangatho

• I-EMC kunye nokhuseleko

• I-LVD

Ezinye zetekhnoloji eziphambili kunye namaqonga asetyenziswayo ngala:

• Unxibelelwano lonxibelelwano (Ethernet, USB, IrDA njl.njl)

• Itekhnoloji yerediyo (GPS, BT, WLAN njl.njl)

• Ubonelelo lwamandla kunye nolawulo

• Ulawulo lweemoto kunye nokuqhuba

• Uyilo lwedijithali olunesantya esiphezulu

• FPGA, VHDL inkqubo

• Umboniso womzobo we-LCD

• Iiprosesa kunye ne-MCU

• I-ASIC

• I-ARM, i-DSP

Izixhobo ezingundoqo:

• Xilinx ISE

• ImodeliSim

• ULeonardo

• Synplify

• Cadence Allegro

• HyperLynx

• Ikota

• JTAG

• I-OrCAD Thatha

• I-PSpice

• Mentor Graphics

• Uhambo

UMQONDISI OXHUBEKILEYO

Isekethe edibeneyo yomqondiso odibeneyo yiyo nayiphi na isekethe edibeneyo enezijikelezo ze-analog kunye neesekethe zedijithali kwi-semiconductor enye yokufa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iitshiphusi ezixubeneyo (ziyafa) zenza umsebenzi opheleleyo okanye umsebenzi ongaphantsi kwindibano enkulu. Zihlala ziqulethe yonke inkqubo-kwi-a-chip. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kokubini ukusetyenzwa komqondiso wedijithali kunye neesekethe ze-analog, i-ICs exubeneyo yesignali idla ngokuyilwa ngenjongo ethile kakhulu kwaye ukuyila kwabo kufuna umgangatho ophezulu wobuchule kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokucokisekileyo kwezixhobo ze-computer ezincediswayo (CAD). Ukuvavanywa ngokuzenzekelayo kweetshiphusi ezigqityiweyo nazo zinokuba ngumngeni. Izicelo zesignali ezixutyiweyo ziphakathi kwamacandelo emarike akhula ngokukhawuleza kwishishini le-elektroniki. Uvavanyo lwaso nasiphi na isixhobo samva nje njengefowuni ehlakaniphile, ikhompyuter yethebhulethi, ikhamera yedijithali okanye i-3D TV isibonisa ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-analog kunye nokusebenza kwedijithali kwinkqubo, i-SoC kunye namanqanaba e-silicon. Iqela lethu labaqulunqi abaphezulu be-analog, lisebenzisa iindlela zoyilo zamva nje kunye nezixhobo zoyilo zikulungele ukwenza owona mceli mngeni we-analog kunye nemingeni edibeneyo yemiqondiso. I-AGS-Engineering inamava e-domain ukujongana nezona mfuno zinzima kwaye zingumngeni wesekethe ye-analog.

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• Isantya esiphezulu se-serial interfaces, abaguquli bedatha, iimodyuli zolawulo lwamandla, amandla aphantsi eRF, ixabiso eliphezulu le-analog IP macros. Sinobuchule bokudibanisa i-analog macros kwisignali edibeneyo kunye nezixhobo ze-analog kuphela

• Uyilo oluphezulu lwe-IO

  • DDR1 ngeDDR4

  • I-LVDS

• amathala eencwadi e-IO

• Iiyunithi zolawulo lwamandla

• Uyilo lwesekethe yesiko lamandla aphantsi

• Custom SRAM, DRAM, TCAM uyilo

• Ii-PLL, ii-DLL, ii-Oscillators

• IiDACs kunye neeADCs

• Ukuguqulwa kwe-IP: iindawo ezintsha zenkqubo kunye nobuchwepheshe

• Ii-SerDes PHYs

  • I-USB 2.0/3.0

  • PCI Express

  • 10GE

• Ukutshintsha kunye nabalawuli bomgca

• Izilawuli zempompo zokutshaja

• Ii-op-amps ezikhethekileyo

Sineengcali ze-Verilog-AMS ezinokwakha imeko yobugcisa obuxubeneyo bokuqinisekisa umqondiso kwii-ICs zeempawu ezixubeneyo. Iqela lethu leenjineli bakhe iimeko zokuqinisekisa ezintsonkothileyo ukusuka ekuqaleni, ukubhala phantsi iitshekhi zokuzijonga, zenze iimeko zovavanyo lwe-randomization, zanceda abathengi ukuba bavuke kwaye basebenze kwiindlela zokuqinisekisa zamva nje ezibandakanya imodeli yeVerilog-A/AMS kunye neRNM. kunye namaqela okuqinisekisa uyilo, ukhuselo lwe-AMS lunokudityaniswa nendawo yokuqinisekisa idijithali ukuqinisekisa ukuba ujongano lugqunyiwe kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Iingcali zethu zokuyila imodeli ziye zaxhasa i-architecture kunye nesigaba sokucaciswa ngokwakhiwa kweemodeli ezisebenza ngokubambisana nomzekelo wenkqubo. Nje ukuba imodeli yesistim ifunyanwe ukuhlangabezana nenjongo ke ukucaciswa kuveliswa kwimodeli ye-Verilog-A/AMS.

Sinokunceda abathengi bethu baguqule iimodeli zabo zeVerilog-A zibe yimodeli yeRNM. I-RNM ivumela iinjineli zokuqinisekisa idijithali ukuba ziqinisekise uyilo ukuya kwinqanaba elifanayo njengeenjineli ze-AMS kodwa zifumane iziphumo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kune-AMS.

Ngezantsi zizicelo eziqhelekileyo zoyilo lwethu oluxubeneyo kunye nophuhliso kunye neqela lobunjineli:

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• Ii-Smart Sensor Applications: Iselfowuni yoMthengi, ukuFumana iiNkcukacha kunye nokuPhathwa kweDatha, i-MEMS kunye nezinye iiSensors ezisakhulayo, i-Integrated Sensor Fusion, iiSensors ezibonelela ngoLwazi endaweni yeDatha, i-Wireless Sensing kwi-Intanethi yeZinto ... njl.

• Usetyenziso lweRF: Uyilo lwabaFundi, abaThuthi kunye neeSynthesizer, iibhendi ze-ISM ukusuka kwi-38MHz ukuya kwi-6GHz, abamkeli beGPS, iBluetooth… njl.

• Usetyenziso lweSelfowuni yoMthengi: iAudio kunye neNxulumano yoMntu, iziLawuli zokuBonisa, iziLawuli zeNkqubo, uLawulo lweBattery yeselula

• Izicelo zamandla e-Smart: Ukuguqulwa kwamandla, ukubonelelwa koMbane weDijithali, ukuKhanya kwe-LED

• Izicelo zoShishino: Ukulawulwa kweMoto, ukuThuthukisa, ukuVavanya kunye nokulinganisa

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PCB & PCBA DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

Ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo, okanye ngokufutshane ichazwe njenge-PCB, isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ngoomatshini kunye nokudibanisa ngombane amacandelo e-elektroniki kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhubayo, iingoma, okanye imikhondo, ehlonyelwe ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kumaphepha obhedu alaminated kwi-non-conductive substrate. I-PCB ezaliswe ngamacandelo e-elektroniki yindibano yesiphaluka eprintiweyo (PCA), ekwabizwa ngokuba yindibano yebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo (PCBA). Igama elithi PCB lihlala lisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kuzo zombini iibhodi ezingenanto kunye nezidityanisiweyo. I-PCBs ngamanye amaxesha iba calanye (ithetha ukuba inomaleko omnye we-conductive), ngamanye amaxesha inamacala amabini (ithetha ukuba inomaleko amabini e-conductive) kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iza njengezakhiwo ezinomaleko amaninzi (kunye namaleko angaphandle nangaphakathi eendlela zokuqhuba). Ukucaca ngakumbi, kwezi bhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo ezininzi, iileya ezininzi zezinto eziphathekayo zi-laminated kunye. IiPCB azibizi, kwaye zinokuthenjwa kakhulu. Zifuna umzamo woyilo olungaphezulu kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuqala kuneesekethe ezisongelwe ngocingo okanye indawo ukuya kwindawo eyakhiweyo, kodwa zibiza kakhulu kwaye zikhawuleza kwimveliso yomthamo ophezulu. Uninzi loyilo lwePCB yoshishino lombane, indibano, kunye neemfuno zolawulo lomgangatho zisetwa ngokwemigangatho epapashwa ngumbutho we-IPC.

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Sineenjineli ezikhethekileyo kwi-PCB kunye noyilo lwePCBA kunye nophuhliso kunye novavanyo. Ukuba uneprojekthi ongathanda ukuba siyivavanye, qhagamshelana nathi. Siya kuthathela ingqalelo indawo ekhoyo kwinkqubo yakho ye-elektroniki kwaye sisebenzise ezona zixhobo zifanelekileyo ze-EDA (i-Electronic Design Automation) ezifumanekayo ukwenza i-schematic capture. Abaqulunqi bethu abanamava baya kubeka amacandelo kunye neesinki zobushushu kwezona ndawo zifanelekileyo kwiPCB yakho. Sinokuyila ibhodi ukusuka kwi-schematic kwaye emva koko sikwenzele ii-GERBER FILES okanye sinokusebenzisa iifayile zakho zeGerber ukwenza iibhodi zePCB kwaye siqinisekise ukusebenza kwazo. Siyaguquguquka, ngoko kuxhomekeke kwinto onayo kunye nento oyifunayo ukuba yenziwe sithi, siya kuyenza ngokufanelekileyo. Njengoko abanye abavelisi beyifuna, senza ifomathi yefayile ye-Excellon nayo ukuze ichaze imingxunya. Ezinye zezixhobo zeEDA esizisebenzisayo zezi:

• UKHOZI PCB uyilo software

• KiCad

• IProtel

I-AGS-Engineering inezixhobo kunye nolwazi lokuyila i-PCB yakho kungakhathaliseki ukuba inkulu okanye incinci kangakanani.

Sisebenzisa izixhobo zoyilo eziphezulu kwishishini kwaye siqhutywa ukuba sibe sesona silungileyo.

• UYilo lwe-HDI kunye ne-micro vias kunye nezixhobo eziphambili-Via-in-Pad, i-laser micro vias.

• Isantya esiphezulu, uyilo lwePCB yedijithali yedijithali-Umzila webhasi, izibini ezahlukeneyo, ubude obuhambelanayo.

• PCB uyilo indawo, emkhosini, izicelo zonyango kunye nezorhwebo

• I-RF ebanzi kunye namava oyilo lwe-analog (ii-eriyali eziprintiweyo, amakhonkco okulinda, amakhaka eRF...)

• Imiba yengqibelelo yomqondiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho zoyilo lwedijithali (ulandelelwano olulungisiweyo, izibini ezahlukeneyo...)

• Ulawulo lwe-PCB yeLayer yokuqinisekisa imfezeko yomqondiso kunye nolawulo lwe-impedance

• I-DDR2, i-DDR3, i-DDR4, i-SAS kunye nobuchule bokuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo

• Uxinaniso oluphezulu loyilo lwe-SMT (BGA, uBGA, PCI, PCIE, CPCI...)

• Uyilo lwe-Flex PCB yazo zonke iintlobo

• Uyilo olusezantsi lwe-analog PCB yoyilo lokulinganisa

• Uyilo oluphantsi kakhulu lwe-EMI kwizicelo ze-MRI

• Gqibezela imizobo yendibano

• Ukuveliswa kwedatha yoVavanyo lweSekethe (ICT)

• I-Drill, iphaneli kunye nemizobo yokusika eyiliweyo

• Kwenziwa amaxwebhu obugcisa bokwenziwa

• Autorouting kuyilo PCB eshinyeneyo

Eminye imizekelo ye-PCB & PCA enxulumene neenkonzo esizinikezelayo

• ODB++ Uphononongo lweValor yokuqinisekisa uyilo olupheleleyo lwe-DFT / DFT.

• Uphononongo olupheleleyo lwe-DFM yokuvelisa

• Uphononongo olupheleleyo lwe-DFT lokuvavanya

• Icandelo lolawulo lwedathabheyisi

• Ukutshintshwa kwecandelo kunye nokutshintshwa

• Uhlalutyo lwentembeko yomqondiso

Ukuba awukabikho kwisigaba soyilo sePCB kunye nePCBA, kodwa ufuna ischematics seesekethe zombane, silapha ukukunceda. Bona ezinye iimenyu zethu ezifana ne-analog kunye noyilo lwedijithali ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nento esinokukwenzela yona. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna i-schematics kuqala, singazilungiselela kwaye emva koko transfer isicmatic diagram yakho kumzobo webhodi yakho yesekethe eprintiweyo kwaye emva koko wenze iifayile zeGerber.

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Uyilo lwehlabathi jikelele lwe-AGS-Engineering kunye nothungelwano lwamahlakani ejelo lubonelela ngomjelo phakathi kwamaqabane ethu oyilo agunyazisiweyo kunye nabathengi bethu abadinga ubuchule bobugcisa kunye nezisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Cofa ikhonkco elilandelayo ukukhuphela yethuYENZA INKQUBO YOKUSEBENZAincwadana. 

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Ukuba ungathanda ukuphonononga amandla ethu okwenza kunye nobuchule bethu bobunjineli, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele indawo yethu yokwenza isikohttp://www.agstech.netapho uya kufumana iinkcukacha ze-PCB yethu kunye ne-PCBA prototyping kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa.