SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL DESIGN

Akatswiri athu opanga zida za semiconductor amagwiritsa ntchito ma module apadera omwe amapereka zida zodzipatulira zowunikira magwiridwe antchito a zida za semiconductor pamlingo wofunikira wafizikiki. Ma module oterowo amatengera ma drift-diffusion equation, pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyendera ya isothermal kapena nonisothermal. Zida zamapulogalamu zotere ndizothandiza pakuyerekeza zida zingapo zothandiza, kuphatikiza ma bipolar transistors (BJTs), metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated-gate bipolar transistors ( IGBTs), ma Schottky diode, ndi ma PN junctions. Zotsatira za Multiphysics zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchita kwa zida za semiconductor. Ndi zida zamphamvu zotere zamapulogalamu, titha kupanga mosavuta zitsanzo zokhala ndi zotsatira zambiri zakuthupi. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwa mkati mwa chipangizo chamagetsi kumatha kutsatiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a fizikisi yotengera kutentha. Kusintha kwa kuwala kungaphatikizidwe kutengera zida zingapo monga ma solar cell, light-emitting diode (LEDs), ndi photodiodes (PDs). Mapulogalamu athu a semiconductor amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za semiconductor zokhala ndi masikelo aatali a 100's nm kapena kupitilira apo. Mkati mwa pulogalamuyo, pali njira zingapo zolumikizirana ndi fiziki - zida zolandirira zolowetsa zachitsanzo zofotokozera magawo a equation ndi malire, monga malo olumikizirana opangira ma electron ndi mabowo mu zida za semiconductor, machitidwe awo a electrostatic ... etc. Mawonekedwe a semiconductor amathetsa equation ya Poisson molumikizana ndi ma equation opitilira ma elekitironi ndi ma hole charge carriers momveka bwino. Titha kusankha kuthetsa chitsanzo ndi njira yomaliza ya voliyumu kapena njira yomaliza. Mawonekedwewa akuphatikizapo zitsanzo zazinthu zopangira semiconducting ndi insulating, kuwonjezera pazigawo zamalire a ohmic, kulumikizana kwa Schottky, zipata, ndi mitundu ingapo yamamalire a electrostatic. Zomwe zili mkati mwa mawonekedwewa zimalongosola katundu woyendayenda monga momwe zimakhalira ndi kufalikira kwa zonyamulira mkati mwazinthuzo. Chida cha mapulogalamuwa chimaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo yodziwikiratu yoyenda ndi mwayi wopanga mayendedwe odziwika ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Mitundu yonse iwiriyi ya zitsanzo imatha kuphatikizidwa m'njira zosasintha. Mtundu uliwonse woyenda umatanthawuza ma elekitironi otulutsa ndi kusuntha kwa dzenje. Kusunthika komwe kumatuluka kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chothandizira kumitundu ina yosuntha, pomwe ma equation angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphatikiza ma mobilities. Mawonekedwewa alinso ndi mawonekedwe owonjezera kuphatikizika kwa Auger, Direct, ndi Shockley-Read Hall ku semiconducting domain, kapena kulola kufotokozanso kuchuluka kwathu kophatikizanso. Kugawa kwa doping kuyenera kufotokozedwa potengera zida za semiconductor. Chida chathu cha mapulogalamu chimapereka gawo lachitsanzo la doping kuti tichite izi. Mbiri yanthawi zonse komanso ya doping yomwe tafotokozedwa ndi ife imatha kufotokozedwa, kapena mbiri ya Gaussian doping ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Tikhozanso kuitanitsa deta kuchokera kunja. Chida chathu cha mapulogalamu chimapereka mphamvu zowonjezera za Electrostatics. Nawonsonkhokwe yazinthu ilipo yokhala ndi zida zingapo.

 

NJIRA TCAD ndi DEVICE TCAD

Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito zoyeserera zamakompyuta popanga ndi kukhathamiritsa ukadaulo wa semiconductor processing ndi zida. Chitsanzo cha kupanga chimatchedwa Njira TCAD, pamene chitsanzo cha chipangizochi chimatchedwa Chipangizo TCAD. Njira ya TCAD ndi zida zofanizira zida zimathandizira ntchito zambiri monga CMOS, mphamvu, kukumbukira, masensa azithunzi, ma cell a solar, ndi zida za analog/RF. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuganiza zopanga ma cell a dzuwa ovuta kwambiri, kuganizira chida cha TCAD chamalonda chingakupulumutseni nthawi yachitukuko ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zokwera mtengo. TCAD imapereka chidziwitso pazochitika zofunikira zakuthupi zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi zokolola. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito TCAD kumafuna kugula ndi kuvomereza zida zamapulogalamu, nthawi yophunzirira chida cha TCAD, komanso kukhala katswiri komanso wodziwa bwino chidacho. Izi zitha kukhala zokwera mtengo komanso zovuta ngati simugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi nthawi zonse kapena kwanthawi yayitali. Pazifukwa izi titha kukuthandizani kupereka ntchito zamainjiniya athu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida izi tsiku ndi tsiku. Lumikizanani nafe kuti mudziwe zambiri.

 

SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESS DESIGN

Pali mitundu yambiri ya zida ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani a semiconductor. Sizophweka kapena lingaliro labwino kuganizira nthawi zonse kugula makina otembenuza omwe amaperekedwa pamsika. Kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zida zomwe zimaganiziridwa, zida zazikulu za semiconductor ziyenera kusankhidwa mosamala ndikuphatikizidwa pamzere wopanga. Mainjiniya apadera komanso odziwa zambiri amafunikira kuti apange mzere wopanga zida za semiconductor. Mainjiniya athu apadera amatha kukuthandizani popanga ma prototyping kapena mzere wopanga zinthu zambiri womwe umagwirizana ndi bajeti yanu. Titha kukuthandizani kusankha njira zoyenera kwambiri ndi zida zomwe zimakwaniritsa zomwe mukuyembekezera. Tikukufotokozerani zaubwino wa zida zinazake ndikukuthandizani panthawi yonse yokhazikitsa njira yanu yopangira ma prototyping kapena kupanga misa. Titha kukuphunzitsani luso ndikukupangani kukhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chanu. Zonse zimadalira zosowa zanu. Titha kupanga yankho labwino kwambiri pamilandu ndi nkhani. Mitundu ina yayikulu ya zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za semiconductor ndi zida za Photolithographic, makina oyika, makina ojambulira, zida zosiyanasiyana zoyesera ndi mawonekedwe…… etc. Zambiri mwa zidazi ndi ndalama zazikulu ndipo mabungwe sangathe kulekerera zisankho zolakwika, makamaka nsalu zomwe ngakhale maola ochepa opuma amatha kukhala owononga. Limodzi mwazovuta zomwe malo ambiri angakumane nazo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo awo opangira mafakitole apangidwa kuti akhale oyenera kukhala ndi zida zopangira semiconductor. Zambiri ziyenera kuwunikiridwa mosamala musanapange chisankho chokhazikika pakuyika zida zinazake kapena chida chamagulu, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyera, kukweza chipinda choyera ngati kuli kofunika, kukonzekera mphamvu ndi mizere yamagetsi oyambira, ergonomy, chitetezo. , kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito….etc. Mulankhule nafe kaye musanalowe m'mabizinesiwa. Kukhala ndi mapulani anu ndi ma projekiti omwe awunikiridwa ndi akatswiri athu akale a semiconductor fab engineers kumangothandizira pazantchito zanu.

 

KUYESA KWA Zipangizo ZA SEMICONDUCTOR NDI Zipangizo

Mofanana ndi matekinoloje opangira semiconductor, kuyesa ndi QC ya zida za semiconductor ndi zida zimafunikira zida zapadera komanso luso laukadaulo. Timatumikira makasitomala athu m'derali popereka chitsogozo chaukatswiri ndi kufunsira za mtundu wa zida zoyesera ndi metrology zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri komanso zachuma kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mwanjira inayake, kutsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira kuyenerera kwa zomangamanga pamalo a kasitomala…..etc. M'zipinda zoyera, kunjenjemera pansi, momwe mpweya umayendera, kuyenda kwa anthu,….etc. zonse ziyenera kuunika ndi kuunika. Titha kuyesanso paokha zitsanzo zanu, kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane, kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kulephera ... etc. ngati wopereka ntchito zakunja. Kuchokera pakuyesa kwa prototype mpaka kupanga kwathunthu, titha kukuthandizani kuonetsetsa kuti zida zoyambira ndi zoyera, titha kuthandizira kuchepetsa nthawi yachitukuko ndikuthana ndi zovuta zokolola m'malo opangira semiconductor.

 

Akatswiri athu a semiconductor amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu otsatirawa ndi zida zofananira popanga semiconductor ndi kapangidwe ka zida:

• ANSYS RedHawk / Q3D Extractor / Totem / PowerArtist

• MicroTec SiDif / SemSim / SibGraf

• COMSOL Semiconductor Module

 

Titha kupeza zida zingapo zapamwamba za labu kuti tipange ndikuyesa zida ndi zida za semiconductor, kuphatikiza:

• Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), Nthawi ya Flight SIMS (TOF-SIMS)

• Transmission Electron Microscopy - Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM-STEM)

• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

• X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy – Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical analysis (XPS-ESCA)

• Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)

• High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

• Chromatography ya Gasi - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

• Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Yophatikizana Yophatikizana

• Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS)

• Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

• Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)

• Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)

• Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)

• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

• Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS)

• Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) Yophatikizana Yophatikizana

• Raman

• X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)

• X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)

• Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

• Dual Beam - Beam Yokhazikika ya Ion (Dual Beam - FIB)

• Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)

• Chithunzi cha Optical Profilometry

• Residual Gas Analysis (RGA) & Internal Water Vapor Content

• Instrumental Gas Analysis (IGA)

• Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS)

• Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF)

• Specular X-Ray Reflectivity (XRR)

• Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)

• Destructive Physical Analysis (DPA) ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za MIL-STD

• Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

• Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)

• Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA)

• Nthawi Yeniyeni X-Ray (RTX)

• Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM)

• Mayeso owunika zinthu zamagetsi

• Mayeso akuthupi & Amango

• Mayeso Ena Otentha Monga Akufunikira

• Environmental Chambers, Mayeso Okalamba

 

Ena mwa mayeso wamba omwe timapanga pa semiconductors ndi zida zopangidwa ndi izi:

• Kuwunika momwe ntchito yoyeretsera imagwirira ntchito poyesa zitsulo zapamwamba pa zowotcha za semiconductor

• Kuzindikira ndi kupeza zonyansa zamtundu wa trace ndi kuipitsidwa kwa tinthu mu zida za semiconductor

• Kuyeza makulidwe, kachulukidwe, ndi kapangidwe ka mafilimu opyapyala

• Makhalidwe a mlingo wa dopant ndi mawonekedwe a mbiri, kuwerengera ma dopants ochuluka ndi zonyansa

• Kuwunika kwa magawo osiyanasiyana a ICs

• Mapu amitundu iwiri azinthu za matrix mu semiconductor microdevice ndi Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy-Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (STEM-EELS)

• Kuzindikiritsa kuipitsidwa pamalo olumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito Auger Electron Spectroscopy (FE-AES)

• Kuwona ndi kuwunika kochulukira kwa morphology yapamtunda

• Kuzindikira chifunga chowotcha komanso kusintha kwamtundu

• ATE engineering ndi kuyesa kupanga ndi chitukuko

• Kuyesedwa kwa semiconductor mankhwala, kutentha mkati ndi kudalirika koyenera kuti mutsimikizire kulimba kwa IC