Ihe mkpuchi anya bụ otu ihe ma ọ bụ karịa nke dị gịrịgịrị nke etinyebere na akụrụngwa anya ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ dị ka oghere ma ọ bụ enyo, nke na-agbanwe ụzọ ngwa anya na-egosipụta ma na-ebufe ọkụ. A popular ụdị nke ngwa anya mkpuchi bụ ihe mgbochi reflection (AR) mkpuchi, nke na-ebelata achọghị echiche si n'elu, na-ejikarị na spectacles,_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb35cbbsun-1585c -136bad5cf58d_na anya anya foto. Ụdị ọzọ bụ mkpuchi mkpuchi dị elu nke enwere ike iji mepụta enyo gosipụtara more karịa 99.99% nke ìhè_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, mkpuchi anya dị mgbagwoju anya na-egosipụta nnukwu nlebara anya n'ofe ụfọdụ n'ogologo, yana mgbochi ntụgharị n'akụkụ ọzọ, nke enwere ike iji in mmepụta ihe nzacha anya ihe nkiri dichroic.

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Ihe mkpuchi anya kachasị mfe bụ akwa ọla, dị ka aluminom, nke a na-edobere n'elu iko iko iji mee elu enyo. Igwe eji eme ihe na-ekpebi njirimara ngosipụta nke enyo; aluminum dị ọnụ ala ma na-emekarị mkpuchi, na-amịpụta a reflectivity nke gburugburu 88%-92% n'elu anya ụdịdị. Dị oké ọnụ bụ ọlaọcha, nke nwere a reflectivity nke 95%-99% ọbụna n'ime anya infrared, ma na-ata ahụhụ site mbelata reflectivity (<90%) na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na ultraviolet spectral mpaghara. Nke kachasị ọnụ bụ ọla edo, nke na-enye ọmarịcha (98%-99%) reflectivity n'ime infrared niile, mana obere nlegharị anya na ogologo ebili mmiri dị mkpụmkpụ karịa 550 nm, na-ebute agba ọla edo.

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Site n'ịchịkwa oke na njupụta nke mkpuchi ígwè, ọ ga-ekwe omume ibelata ntụgharị uche ma mee ka nnyefe nke elu anya, na-ebute enyo ọkara ọlaọcha. A na-eji ihe ndị a mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka "enyo otu ụzọ." 

 

Ụdị mkpuchi anya ndị ọzọ bụ isi bụ mkpuchi dielectric (ya bụ iji ihe nwere akara ntugharị dị iche na mkpụrụ). A na-ewu ihe ndị a site na ihe ndị dị mkpa dị ka magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, na metal oxides dị iche iche, bụ ndị a na-edobere na ngwa anya. Site n'iji nlezianya họrọ kpọmkwem ihe mejupụtara, ọkpụrụkpụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwa ndị a, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịmepụta ihe ngosi na transmissivity nke mkpuchi iji mepụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ àgwà ọ bụla a chọrọ. Enwere ike nweta ọnụọgụ ntụgharị uche nke ihe na-erughị 0.2%, na-emepụta mkpuchi mgbochi (AR). N'aka nke ọzọ, enwere ike ịbawanye ihe ngosi ahụ karịa 99.99%, na-emepụta mkpuchi mkpuchi dị elu (HR). Ọkwa nke nlegharị anya nwekwara ike na-ege ntị na uru ọ bụla, dịka ọmụmaatụ iji mepụta enyo nke na-egosipụta 80% ma na-ebufe 90% nke ìhè na-adakwasị ya, n'ogologo ụfọdụ nke ogologo ogologo. E nwere ike ịkpọ enyo ndị dị otú ahụ cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_beamsplitters, ma jiri ya dị ka mmepụta ihe na lasers. Nhọrọ, na mkpuchi nwere ike designed in dị otú ahụ a way na na ihe mkpuchi na-egosipụta ìhè naanị na a warara band nke nyo producing.

 

Ntughari nke mkpuchi dielectric na-eduga n'iji ha mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ngwa anya sayensị na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe (dịka lasers, microscopes optical, telescopes na-emegharị, na interferometers) yana ngwaọrụ ndị na-azụ ahịa dị ka binoculars, spectacles, na lenses foto.

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Dielectric n'ígwé are ugboro ugboro etinyere n'elu metal film, ma na-enye ihe mkpuchi oyi akwa (dị ka silicon dioxide n'elu aluminium), ma ọ bụ welie reflectivity nke metal film. A na-ejikwa ngwakọta metal na dielectric mee ihe mkpuchi dị elu nke a na-apụghị ime n'ụzọ ọ bụla ọzọ. Otu ihe atụ bụ ihe a na-akpọ "enyo zuru oke", nke na-egosipụta nhụsianya dị elu (ma ọ bụghị nke zuru oke), na-enwe mmetụta dị ala na-enweghị atụ na ogologo ogologo, akụkụ, na polarization.

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Ịmepụta mkpuchi anya na-achọ ọkachamara na ahụmahụ pụrụ iche. Enwere ọtụtụ mmemme ngwanrọ nke ndị na-emepụta mkpuchi anya anyị na-eji. Maka ọrụ ọ bụla metụtara imewe, nnwale, nchọpụta nsogbu ma ọ bụ nyocha & mmepe nke mkpuchi, kpọtụrụ anyị na mkpuchi anya nke ụwa anyị designers ga-enyere gị aka.

 

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